Hi iLoveChicken ... please do no use superglue!
Having a bracket off for a month or two will rarely set treatment back, unless you're ready for surgery and teeth need to be kept in position for that.
There are several reasons why you mustn't bond this bracket on yourself, including the risk of the chemicals in the superglue damaging your health. The placement of brackets is a science that ortho's spend many years studying, and if you were to glue a bracket where you thought it should go, it could possibly affect your treatment for the negatively.
My recommendation is that you continue your time in China and sort the replacement of this bracket when you return to America!
Enjoy!