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Your parents should look into whether their insurance would cover this work. If you're under 18, there is a chance that their dental insurance might give some partial coverage for orthodontic treatment (braces), and they should also verify whether their medical insurance gives any coverage for the surgical portion of treatment, and also for the splint. It's possible, of course, that their insurance will not cover any of these things, but it's definitely something to look into.
Costs can be widely varied. For the braces, I'd say anywhere in the ballpark of $4k to $7k is possible. And surgical costs can be even more variable. Some doctors have negotiated with the hospitals where they operate so that they can offer special "packages" to uninsured patients, and I've heard as little as $7k for such deals, but at the other end, with some of the "big name" surgeons, by the time you factor in hospital and anesthesia costs, the totals can run in excess of $50k.
Since you mention some degeneration of the jaw joint already, I'd urge you to get multiple opinions before proceeding, including consulting with more than one very experienced oral surgeon. I'm especially curious why the treatment plan that's been presented to you includes removal of teeth - I do know that to bring the lower jaw forward as they will be doing it can often be necessary to extract the lower wisdom teeth, but I've not before heard of it being necessary to extract other teeth.
I'm curious too by what the doctor meant when he told you your mouth would be closed for a month - whether he was speaking about wiring the jaws closed. I'd also say that it's not necessarily true that you would need to be wired shut. The procedure that is used to advance the lower jaw does not generally require this (the bone segments are held together with little metal plates and screws, all under the skin); it may be that the doctor is suggesting this more conservative approach (that is to say, wiring the jaws shut) because of your jaw joint issues, but even then I wonder would a month be necessary? Most people I know who have had a BSSO (bilateral sagittal split osteotomy - the procedure that's used to advance the lower jaw) have only had little rubber bands used to help the jaw muscles "learn" the new position for the jaws; and even among the few I've known who did end up being wired shut, it was only for a week or just a little longer.
You asked, by the way, what your condition is called: at a guess you have both retrognathia (the lower jaw is too far back) and micrognathia (the chin is too small). The latter is why they are suggesting the sliding genioplasty.
Good luck.
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